How does one use positive reinforcement with a barking dog issue, hypothetically speaking?

i know everyone on here constantly will say positive reinforcement and all that jazz but how would one actually use that with a problematic dog. reward the dog for being quiet and scold him when he barks? What if a stranger or burglar approaches the house or comes in the house, is the dog not going to bark because he knows barking is bad? once again, hypothetical.